Since 2000, Vladimir Putin has met with five US presidents approximately 48 times. These meetings included discussions on nuclear security, arms reduction, and conflicts that shaped relations between the countries.
The Trump-Putin summit in Alaska brought no real progress in countering Russian aggression in Ukraine. Former German Ambassador Wolfgang Ischinger called the meeting a victory for Putin.
The deployment of European forces in Ukraine without the US may lead to the collapse of NATO, according to Wolfgang Ischinger. The lack of US support will give Russia a chance for provocations.
