In 2025, the lowest social distance in Ukraine was recorded towards Ukrainian-speaking Ukrainians and Russian-speaking Ukrainians, followed by Jewish residents of Ukraine, Canadians, and Germans (with similar indicator values). At the same time, the highest social distance exists towards Russians living in Russia, Belarusians living in Belarus, and Ukrainians living in Russia. This was reported by UNN with reference to the results of a survey by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology.
Details
The survey was conducted from September 19 to October 5, 2025. 1008 respondents aged 18 and older were interviewed in the territory of the country controlled by the Ukrainian authorities.
According to the survey results, in 2022-2025, social distance to most ethnic groups increased, meaning attitudes somewhat worsened. Most notably, towards Poles and Russian-speaking Ukrainians, while it slightly decreased towards Russian residents of Ukraine and Germans.
After an improvement in attitudes towards allies in 2022-2023, in 2024-2025, there is some increase in social distance towards them as well (Canadians, Americans), although it remains relatively small. The overall level of xenophobia in 2025 is 4.3 points, which is slightly higher than in 2023, but generally remains at an average level: most of the population is ready to accept representatives of other ethnic groups as neighbors, colleagues, or residents of Ukraine, but not as family members or close friends.
Recall
According to a survey by the Russian "Levada Center", Russians' trust in the authorities and President Putin is falling, especially among young people. Key factors of dissatisfaction include the growing financial burden on the population due to tax policies, increased restrictions on internet access, and accumulated fatigue from the Russian-Ukrainian war.