Diarrhea may seem like a temporary inconvenience that will pass on its own. However, in some cases, it becomes a signal of serious health problems and can even lead to dangerous dehydration. UNN will provide more details on what can cause digestive disorders, when medical help is necessary, and how to eat properly during diarrhea.
Why diarrhea occurs
Diarrhea is a disruption of the digestive system in which stools become loose or watery and occur at least three times a day. This condition can last from a few hours to several days, and in some cases, much longer. Diarrhea itself is not a disease, but usually acts as a symptom of certain problems in the body, and most often it indicates a reaction of the digestive system to an infection, poor-quality food, or other irritants.
Along with frequent stools, a person may experience abdominal pain or cramps, nausea, bloating, weakness, loss of appetite, and an increase in body temperature. Diarrhea poses a particular danger due to the rapid loss of fluids and essential micronutrients. Because of this, the body may face dehydration, which is very dangerous for children, the elderly, and individuals with chronic diseases.
Experts distinguish between acute and chronic diarrhea. Acute diarrhea usually lasts up to two weeks and is often associated with intestinal infections or food poisoning; if symptoms persist longer, it may indicate more serious disorders that require examination. However, not every case of diarrhea requires medication, but if the condition is accompanied by a high fever, blood in the stool, or signs of dehydration, consulting a doctor is mandatory.
The causes of diarrhea can vary. Sometimes the body reacts this way to a change in diet, and sometimes it can be a sign of an infection or another pathology. That is why it is important not to ignore prolonged or severe symptoms and to monitor your well-being closely.
Common causes may include:
- food poisoning;
- excessive consumption of fatty or spicy foods;
- large amounts of alcohol or coffee;
- intolerance to certain products, particularly lactose;
- side effects of some medications, especially antibiotics;
- gastrointestinal diseases;
- endocrine disorders;
- food allergies.
In which cases you should consult a doctor
In many cases, diarrhea goes away on its own within a few days, but there are symptoms that require immediate consultation with a specialist.
You should seek medical attention urgently if:
- there is blood or pus in the stool, or it is black in color;
- body temperature exceeds 39°C (38°C for children);
- severe abdominal pain has appeared;
- there is dry mouth, extreme thirst, dry skin, or an absence of tears when crying in children;
- confusion or difficulty breathing occurs;
- vomiting does not stop;
- the condition does not improve within 24 hours or worsens;
- diarrhea lasts more than three days.
Elderly people and parents of young children should be especially attentive, as they are the most vulnerable category.
What to eat during diarrhea
During a digestive disorder, the body needs light food that will not irritate the intestines.
The diet can include:
- bananas;
- white rice;
- applesauce or baked apples;
- white bread and toast;
- rusks, crackers, and plain biscuits;
- low-fat clear broths;
- soft-boiled eggs;
- boiled or baked white meat without skin;
- natural low-fat yogurt without sugar;
- oatmeal cooked in water;
- boiled or baked potatoes;
- plain pasta without sauces;
- canned pears;
- weak tea.
Doctors also recommend eating small portions 5-6 times a day and consuming food at room temperature.
What foods should not be eaten during diarrhea
In the first days after symptoms appear, some foods can increase intestinal irritation and worsen well-being.
Therefore, you should temporarily avoid:
- fried, fatty, and spicy dishes;
- milk and most dairy products;
- fatty meat and fatty fish;
- legumes;
- nuts and seeds;
- raw vegetables and fruits;
- berries with seeds;
- citrus fruits and juices;
- onions and garlic;
- fermented/pickled products;
- potato chips;
- sweets;
- carbonated drinks;
- coffee and strong tea;
- alcohol;
- products with artificial sweeteners.
At the same time, it is important to remember that such a diet is temporary. After the condition improves, the diet should be gradually expanded. In addition, the most important rule is to drink enough water. The main danger of diarrhea lies in the rapid loss of fluids and electrolytes. During the illness, it is necessary to regularly drink still water, special rehydration solutions, broths, or unsweetened caffeine-free drinks. It is better to do this frequently but in small portions. If signs of dehydration intensify or well-being worsens, you should not self-medicate; it is better to seek medical help.
ATTENTION! This material is for informational purposes only. If you are concerned about health problems, consult a doctor.